Kelebihan hari Mengikut Islam
Dengan nama Allah Yang Maha Pemurah Lagi Maha Mengasihani, Sekadar berkongsi pengetahuan yang ada, inipun dapat hasil dari “googling around the net”. Perlu di ketahui setiap kejadian yang Allah S.W.T ciptakan mempunyai kelebihan dan maksud yang tertentu, bukannya sia-sia. Allah menjadikan masa dalam seminggu tu ada 7 hari. Dalam setiap hari tuh, ade peristiwa-peristiwa penting yang tercatat dalam diari islam itu sendiri…menjadi memori sepanjang zaman
Hari Isnin
1. Naiknya nabi Idris a.s ke langit..
2. Nabi Musa a.s berangkat ke bukit Thursina
3. Rasulullah s.a.w dilahirkan..
4. Malaikat Jibril turun kepada rasulullah s.a.w buat kali pertama.
5. Amal perbuatan umat Nabi Muhamad dilapurkan pada hari Isnin.
6. Hari wafatnya Junjungan mulia…nabi Muhamad s.a.w
7. Bukti keesaan Alah diturunkan…”Qul huwallahu ahad”
Hari Selasa
1. Wafatnya jurjis
2. Nabi Yahya a.s wafat pada hari ini.
3. Nabi zakaria wafat pada hari ini juga..
4. Tukang sihir Firaun tewas dengan mukjizat Nabi Musa…
5. Asiah iaitu isteri kepada Firaun wafat pada hari ni.
6. Habil terbunuh hari selasa..
Hari Rabu
1. Allah meneggelamkan Qarun bersama keluarga dan harta kekayaanya ke dalam perut bumi.
2. Allah menghancurkan Firaun beserta semua pengikut2nya (kat laut tuh)..
3. Allah menghancurkan raja Namruz bin Kan’an dengan memasukkan serangga ke dalam telinganya.
4. Allah menghancurkan kaum nabi Saleh a.s
5. Allah menghancurkan kaum nabi Hud a.s dengan hembusan angin yang kuat..
Hari Khamis
1. Nabi Ibrahim bertemu dengan Raja mesir.
2. Saudara-saudara Nabi Yusof berjumpa dengan Nabi Yusof setelah mereka membuang dan mengasingkannya.. (masa nih, Yusof jadi raja mesir yang terkenal).
3. Bunyamin iaitu saudara kecil Nabi Yusof datang ke mesir dan berjumpa dengan nabi yusof..
4. Nabi Yaakub datang ke negeri Mesir juga…untuk bertemu anakandanya yang dirindui.
5. Nabi Musa a.s memasuki mesir pada hari khamis untuk mengajak firaun menyembah kepada Allah.
6. Rasululllah s.a.w memasuki kota mekah selepas perjanjian hudaibiyah…
Hari Jumaat
1. Pernikahan antara Adam dan hawa
2. Pernikahan antara yusof dan zulaikha
3. Pernikahan antara Nabi Musa a.s dan Shafura binti Nabi syuaib a.s
4. Pernikahan antara Rasulullah s.a.w dengan khadijah khuwailid.
5. Pernikahan antara nabi sulaiman a.s dengan Ratu balqis dari negeri Saba’
6. Pernikahan antara Rasulullah s.a.w dengan Siti Aisyah binti Abu Bakar.
7. Pernikahan antara Ali bin Abi Talib r.a dengan fatimah az-zahra
Hari Sabtu Hari ni pernah disebut oleh Rasulullah sebagai hari tipu daya…sebab..
1.Kaum Nabi Nuh membangkang kepada Nabinya.
2. Kaum Nabi Saleh mencabar nabinya dengan menyembelih unta yang diamanahkan kepada mereka.
3. saudara-saudara Nabi yusof mengkhianati nabi Yusof dengan mencampakkannya ke dalam perigi di padang pasir.
4. Raja Firaun mencabar Nabi Musa
5. Orang2 yahudi mengkhianati dan menejar nabi Isa a.s untuk membunuhnya. Lalu, Allah mengangkat Nabi Isa ke langit.
6. Orang2 Quraisy menipu dan mencabar Nabi Muhamad di Darun Nadwah.
7. kaum yahudi melanggar perintah Allah dengan menagkap ikan walaupun hari itu di larang mereka berbuat demikian.
Hari Ahad 1.Allah menjadikan neraka.
2. Allah mencipta bumi yang tujuh lapis
3. Allah mencipta langit yang tujuh lapis
4. Allah menjadikan 7 anggota adam.
5. Allah menjadikan bilangan hari yang tujuh.
6. Allah menjadikan bintang2 yang beredar..
7. Allah menjadikan laiutan yang tujuh…
Diantara hari-hari yang tujuh itu..hari Jumaatlah yang paling mulia..dan digelar penghulu bagi segala hari..banyak fadhilat yang boleh kita perolehi pada hari Jumaat…Begitulah peristiwa-peristiwa penting yang berlaku pada sekian-sekian hari…hanya dengan mengimbas kembali lipatan sirah nabawiyah…barulah kita dapat gambaran sepenuhnya…alangkah baiknya kalau kita berada di bumi anbiya…bolehlah kita menuruti sejarah-sejarah silam…zaman pemerintahan nabi-nabi…
InsyaAllah..moga sama-sama dapat ambil iktibar…yang baik dan sempurna itu datangnya dari Allah jua..dan yang buruk itu..dari hambaNya yang daif ini…

exercise 11 nov2009

Food Additives


There four types of food additives:

1. Additive
Preservatives Preservatives are added into food to prevent or slow down
spoiling of food caused by bacteria, fungi or microorganisms.
Example :Sodium nitrite, sodium benzoate
2. Antioxidants
Function : prevent fats and oils from becoming rancid when exposed to air.
Example : Ascorbic acid(vitamin C)
3. Flavouring agents
Function To make the food taste better so as to make them more appealing.
Example : Monosodium glutamate (MSG), aspartame
4. Stabilisers and thickening agents
Function : Make food taste smoother and finer. Stabilisers also
prevent food from being separated into oil and water.
Example Acacia gum, azo compounds, triphenyl compounds

Not all food additives are good because most of them are
chemicals. All food additives in Malaysia should follow the Food
Act 1983.
Some effects of food additives on health and environment are:
Food additives Harmful effect if taken in excess
Sodium nitrite Can cause cancer
Sodium benzoate Can affect the smooth functioning of our nerves Can cause allergic reaction to our bodies too
Tartrazine Can worsen the condition of asthma patients
Colouring substances Cause cancer, migraine, allergy
and deforms babies Monosodium glutamate Difficulties in breathing, headaches,
general weakness and vormitting

Question

1 Which of the following is not a natural preservative?
A Sugar C Monosodium glutamate
B Sodium chloride D Vinegar

2 What is the function of flavouring agent when added to food?
A To prevent food from being reduced
B To help in antioxidation of food
C To absorb any foul smell from food
D To make food taste better

3 A sweet sample contains two artificial colourings. Which of the method below can
be used to separate the two colourings?
A Distillation C Chromatography
B Filtration D Using a separating funnel

4 Which of the following pairs is wrong? Food additive Example
A Artificial colouring Azo dye
B Antioxidant Benzoic acid
C Emulsifier Acacia gum
D Flavouring Aspartame

5 The sweetening substance which has no calorific value in “Pal Sweet” is
A Saccharine C Acacia gum
B Aspartame D Triphenyl compound

9 Common salt (sodium chloride), sugar and spices are three natural compounds used
to preseve food apart from improving its taste.
(a) What is food preservative?
___________________________________________
(b) How does sodium chloride function in preserving food?
___________________________________________
(c) Saccharine is an artificial sweetener which is 500 times sweeter than sugar. It
is added to dried preserved fruits.
(i) State the side effect of saccharine.
________________________________________
(ii) Name another sweetener which is less toxic and can be used to replace
saccharine.
________________________________________
(d) MSG is a food enhancer.
(i) Write the full name of MSG.
________________________________________
(ii) State the side effect of consuming excess MSG.
________________________________________

minggu sains 2008

Revision

Revision balance the equation

Chemical equation

1. Balance the following equations

(a) CaCO3  CaO + CO2

(b) NaNO3  NaNO2 + O2

(c) Na + O2  Na2O

(d) NaHCO3  Na2CO2 + CO2 + H2O

(e) CH4 + O2  CO + H2O

(f) Fe2O3 + CO  Fe + CO2

(g) Fe2O3 + C  Fe + CO

(h) Al + HCl  AlCl3 + H2

(i) MnO2 + HCl  MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O

2. 11. 3g of potassium chlorate(I) KClO is heated strongly to produce potassium chloride and oxygen in laboratory.Find the volume of gas produced at s.t.p
( 1 mole gas = 22.4dm3, K= 39, Cl=35.5 )

3. An aqueous solution of sodium thiosulphate Na2S2O3, reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce sodium chloride,sulphur dioxide,sulphur and water.
If 15.8g sodium thiosulphate is used, calculate
(a) the mass of sodium chloride produce
(b) the mass of sulphur produced
(c) the volume of sulphur dioxide produced
(d) the number of molecules of sulphur dioxide produced
( S=32, O=16, Na=23, 1 mole gas at s.t.p= 22.4dm3)

4. Ammonia is obtained through the following reaction.
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
Calculate the number of moles and volumes of nitrogen and hydrogen used in the
reaction if 3.2 moles of ammonia are produce at s.t.p

5. Write down the chemical equations of thefollowing reactions
(a) Buthane,C4H10 is heated in air to produce carbon and water
(b) Ammonia reacs with copper(II) oxide to produce copper,nitrogen and water
(c) Aluminium reacts with iron(III) oxide to give iron and aluminium oxide
(d) Magnesium carbonate produces magnesium chloride,carbon dioxide and water when dilute nitric acid is added to it.

exercise 30 sept2009

Exercise : Chemical formula and equation

Answer all the question given below.

1. Determine the relative molecular mass ( or relative formula mass) of each of the following
compounds:
(a) H2SO4 (b) Cu(NO3)2
(c) CoCl2.6H2O (d) glucose, C6H12O6
( Relative atomic mass : H;1 , C;12 , N;14 , O;16, S;32, Cl;35.5, Co;59, Cu;64 )

2. Calculate the number of particles in
(a) 12.8 g copper,Cu
(b) 1.2 mole of chloride ions,Cl-
( NA = 6.02 x 1023 particles)

3. Calculate the number of atoms in
(a) 0.125 mole of methane gas,CH4
(b) 36 g of glucose, C6H12O6

4. Determine the mass for each of the following substances:
(a) 1.25 mole of helium gas
(b) 2/5 mole of cobalt,Co
( Relative atomic mass He;4 , Co;59 )

5. Calculate the mass of following substances:
(a) 1.2 x 1022 zinc atoms
(b) 3 x 1023 ethanol (C2H5OH) molecules
( C;12, H;1 , O;16, Zn;65, NA= 6.02 x 1023 )

7. Calculate the number of moles of 672 cm3 of carbon dioxide gas at s.t.p
( 1 mol gas occupies 22.4 dm3 at stp)

8. Calculate the volume occupied by 1.4 g of ethane gas,C2H4 at room temperature and pressure.
( 1 mol gas occupies a volume of 24 dm3 at room temperature)

9. Cocaine,C17H21O4 is a drug .Calculate the number of cocaine molecules present in 6.06 g of the drug
( Relative atomic mass: H;1, C;12, N;14, O;16 , Na ;14 , NA= 6.02 x 1023 )

10. Caffein contains 49.5% carbon,5.2% hydrogen,28.9% nitrogen and 16.4% oxygen by weight.
Determine the empirical formula of caffeine.
( relative atomic mass H;1, C;12, N;14 , O;16 )

Revision:Periodic Table

1. Element are arranged in the modern Periodic Table based on their
A number of protons C nucleon number
B number of neutrons D atomic radius

2. Element P is placed above element Q in the same group in the Periodic Table
If element Q has 20 protons in the nucleus of its atom ,what is the electron
arrangement for the atoms of element P?
A 2.2 C 2.8.6
B 2.8.2 D 2.8.8.2

3. Accros Periods 3, one of the properties of elements increases.Which of the
following is the property?
A Electronegativity C Boiling point
B Atomic size D Electrical conductivity

4. Oxide ions and oxygen atoms are different in their
A number of protons C number of electron
B number of neutrons D nucleon number

5. Atom X reacts with chlorine to form a covalent compound with the formula
XCl. What is atom X?

A Sodium C Barium
B Carbon D Hydrogen

6. Compound Y is made up of one metal atom and two non-metal atoms.Which are the
properties of compound Y?
I highly volatile
II Conducts electricity in liquid state
III high melting point and boiling point
IV Highly soluble in organic solvent

A I and II only C I, II and IV only
B II and III only D II, III and IV only

gerhana matahari

Selasa Julai 21, 2009
Gerhana matahari separa di Malaysia esok

KUALA LUMPUR: Gerhana matahari separa akan dapat dilihat di Malaysia secara minimum pagi esok.

Gerhana matahari separa itu, yang amat sukar dicerap dengan mata kasar, akan berlaku pada 8.23 pagi dan berakhir pada 9.48 pagi.

"Bagaimanapun hanya lebih kurang 17.8 peratus sahaja kawasan permukaan Matahari akan ditutupi oleh bulan semasa Gerhana Separa itu berlaku," kata Ketua Unit Penyelidikan Sains Angkasa (UPSA) ANGKASA, Mhd Fairos Asillam, dalam satu kenyataan hari ini.

Kawasan Utara Semenanjung Malaysia merupakan kawasan yang terbaik untuk mencerap gerhana matahari separa itu, katanya.

Dalam abad ini, penduduk Malaysia akan dapat menikmati Gerhana Matahari Separa pada 15 Januari 2010, 9 Mac 2016 dan 26 Disember 2019, katanya.

Kejadian gerhana itu berikutan berlakunya fenomena gerhana matahari penuh, yang merupakan gerhana matahari terpanjang di abad ini.

Fenomena astronomi yang juga akan berlaku esok akan dapat disaksikan oleh penduduk Bumi di mana laluan gerhana itu meliputi hampir separuh kawasan Bumi.

Mhd Fairos berkata bayangan umbra bulan (bahagian bayang yang sangat gelap) akan mula memasuki laluannya di India dan seterusnya akan melalui Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar dan China.

Apabila laluan gerhana itu melepasi benua Asia, ia akan melalui Pulau Ryukyu di Jepun dan melalui Lautan Pasifik dengan masa maksimum semasa gerhana penuh mencapai 6 minit 39 saat, katanya.

Mhd Fairos berkata ANGKASA akan menghantar tiga orang pegawai untuk membuat penyelidikan dan pengambilan data dan imej gerhana (fotografi dan videografi) semasa berlakunya fenomena gerhana matahari itu di Jinshan, Shanghai, China.

Ini kerana mengikut statistik, cuaca dan litupan awan di China lebih baik berbanding dengan kawasan lain.

Selain daripada ANGKASA, beberapa kumpulan daripada Malaysia akan turut menyertai Ekspedisi Gerhana di beberapa kawasan di China antaranya Universiti Malaya, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (Jakim), Persatuan Falak Syarie Malaysia, Stargazer Scientific dan Falak Online, katanya.

Rakyat Malaysia boleh bersama-sama menyertai dan menikmati Gerhana Matahari Penuh itu esok dengan melayari laman web yang membuat siaran langsung secara webcasting seperti www.exploratorium.edu/eclipse/2009/index.html, www.saros.org/index.html, www.liveeclipse.org dan www.eclipsetv.com. BERNAMA

nota kimia

RATE OF REACTION

(The speed of chemical reaction ) Fast or slow

How to measure the rate of reaction?

Rate of reaction = amount of a reactant used up divide by

Time taken

Rate of reaction = amount of a product formed divide by

Time taken

Factors affecting the rate of reaction

1. The Size of reactant

2. The concentration of the solution

3. The temperature

4. The catalyst

Application of factors that affect the rate of reaction

1. Cooking food of smaller pieces

2. Acid rain-heavy industrialized area ,concentration of acid high

3. Cooking of food in a pressure cooker

4. Industrial process- Haber process used iron

Contact process used vanadium pentoxide

Collision Theory

(particles of reactant must collide with each other to react)

1.Particles must have correct orientation

2. Particles must have minimum amount of energy

Activation energy

The minimum amount of enegy for the particels to react

The activation energy can be shown in an energy profile diagram

Sudut kimia

Tips kimia
Saturated and Unsaturated Fats


Effects of consuming food rich in saturated and
unsaturated fats on health
Fat is very important in the diet. The major function of fats
is energy storage. A gram of fat stores more than twice as much
energy as a gram of starch. A layer of fat beneath the skin insulates
the body.
A diet rich in saturated fats is one of several factors that may
contribute to the cardiovascular disease known as atherosclerosis.
Consumption of unsaturated fat is good for health.
Unsaturated fat can lower cholesterol concentrations in blood. It
can also eliminate cholesterol in saturated fat and carry it to the
liver to be decomposed.
FAT
Organic carbon compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
SATURATED FATS
1 Obtained from animals
2 Have single bonds between the carbon atoms in their carbon chain
3 Have higher hydrogen to carbon ratio
4 Exists as solids at room temperature
5 Have higher melting points
l Have high cholesterol content
Examples: Cow fat, butter, ghee
UNSATURATED FATS
l Obtained from plants
2 Have double or triple bonds between the carbon atoms in their carbon chain
3 Have lower hydrogen to carbon ratio
4.Exists as liquids at room temperature
5 Have lower melting points
6 Have low cholesterol content
7 Examples: Palm oil,coconut oil, peanutoil, soya oil, corn oil and olive oil